In this study, we successfully developed a viable transgenic barley line with the CRISPR/Cas9-induced heterozygous single base pair cytosine-guanine (CG) deletion in the third exon of the HvMPK6 gene, a barley ortholog of the Arabidopsis and rice MPK6. Contrary to the Arabidopsis MPK6, the rice MPK6 ( OsMPK6) is an essential gene as transfer DNA (T-DNA) insertion and CRISPR/Cas9 induced loss-of-function mutations in the OsMPK6 cause early embryo arrest.
In Arabidopsis, mpk6 knockout mutants complete the life cycle however, ~40% of their embryos show defects in the development leading to abnormal phenotypes of seeds and seedlings' roots. The diverse roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs, MPKs) in plant development could be efficiently revealed by reverse genetic studies.
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